Parietal Pathway Magnocellular Pathway: Terminates in this lobe of the cortex Where/How Pathway Parietal Pathway: Conveys info that helps locate and interact with stimuli Magnocellular / Y Ganglions Large ganglion cells that begin this pathway, with large RFs and transient response. Magnocellular Pathway Visual pathway specialized for motion and localization, "flows" along top part of cortex. Who/What Pathway Parvocellular Pathway: conveys information that helps you to identify a stimulus or individual Parvocellullar / X Ganglions Small ganglion cells that begin this pathways, with small RFs and sustained response. Temporal Pathway Parvocellular Pathway: terminated in the lobe of this cortex. Parvocellular Pathway Visual pathway specialized for color and detail, that "flows" along bottom of cortex. Retinotopic Map Topological map that preserves spatial relationships found on retina V1 (Striate Cortex) Primary projection area for vision in occipital lobe of cortex. Hyper column In cortex, set of cells that all have the same RF and include set of orientation cols & blobs. Column In cortex, set of cells, in 6 layers, that all respond to the same preferred stimulus. Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN) Nucleus in Thalamus that processes most visual information from eye. Uni-directional Direction of inhibition in direction-sensitive motion circuit. Lateral Inhibition Cell activity resulting in release of inhibitory NT to cells orthogonal to info pathway Simultaneous Contrast Illusion created by lateral inhibition that alters perception of central grey depending on its surround. Sensitivity High likelihood of detection, as from high convergence that crosses next cell's threshold. Dim Level of light that results in greatest release of NT from Receptors Bright Level of light that results in greatest release of NT from Bipolars Acuity High-detail discrimination, as from low convergence, that retains info on diffs. Optic Nerve Formed of axons of ganglions Optic Disc Place where optic nerve leaves eye for brain, also called "blind spot" Amacrines Inter-neurons that modify reaction of optic disc (ganglions), implicated in contrast effects. Ganglions Next cell in pathway, action potentials, release excitatory NT. Horizontals Inter-neurons that modify reaction of bipolars, implicated in color opponency. Bipolars Next cell in pathway, spontaneous, graded potentials, release excitatory NT. Fovea Central area of cone receptors, connected 1:1 for highest acuity. Cones Visual receptor that connect few: 1, sensitive to color and detail, dispersed plus conc'd in center. Visual Receptors (Rods and Cones) Cells that respond to light show spontaneous, graded release of inhibitory NT Rods Visual receptor that are convergent, sensitive to motion and low light, mainly in periphery.
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